Asthma Specialist

What is asthma?

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that causes the airways to become irritated, inflamed and constricted, resulting in difficulty breathing. Irritation in the airway lining also results in excessive production of mucus that can also interfere with breathing. Asthma often develops during childhood and persists into adulthood, although some people can develop the condition as adults. People with asthma are more likely to develop other respiratory illnesses like colds or even pneumonia or to have prolonged courses of these illnesses. Managing asthma is important for maintaining optimal health.

What symptoms are associated with asthma?

In addition to breathing difficulties, people who have asthma often experience coughing accompanied by wheezing or “hissing” noises when breathing. Symptoms become much more severe during asthma “attacks,” which can be caused by a variety of triggers including pet dander, dust, fumes, mold, and mildew, or even physical exertion or changes in temperature. Tightening sensations in the chest are also common during asthma episodes.

How is asthma diagnosed?

Diagnosis begins with a physical exam using a stethoscope to listen to the lungs as the patient breathes in and out. Often, the characteristic wheezing can be heard via a stethoscope even when it's not discernible to the patient or to others. Patients may also be asked to perform a simple breathing test using a device called a spirometer. In this test, the patient exhales into the spirometer, which measures how well the lungs are functioning. Chest x-rays may also be taken to rule out other issues that can cause similar symptoms.

What treatments are available for people with asthma?

While asthma cannot be cured, regular use of medications can help control symptoms. Medications are inhaled through a portable handheld inhaler or through a device called a nebulizer. Different medications may be used depending on the severity and extent of the disease and symptoms. Routine office visits can help ensure the dosing and administration techniques remain effective. It's also important for patients to be aware of their triggers so they can avoid them when possible.